{"id":68721,"date":"2020-10-16T16:24:14","date_gmt":"2020-10-16T15:24:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/correctiv.org\/?p=68721"},"modified":"2023-06-01T14:34:10","modified_gmt":"2023-06-01T13:34:10","slug":"no-filter-for-the-right","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/correctiv.org\/en\/top-stories\/2020\/10\/16\/no-filter-for-the-right\/","title":{"rendered":"No Filter for the Right"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"68721\" class=\"elementor elementor-68721\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-47e886eb elementor-section-full_width scrollbar elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"47e886eb\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-75aa808d\" data-id=\"75aa808d\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6aa6ae2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"6aa6ae2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"scrollbar\">\n  <div class=\"progress-container\">\n    <div class=\"progress-bar\" id=\"myBar\"><\/div>\n  <\/div>  \n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<script>\n\/\/ When the user scrolls the page, execute myFunction \nwindow.onscroll = function() {myFunction()};\n\nfunction myFunction() {\n  var winScroll = document.body.scrollTop || document.documentElement.scrollTop;\n  var height = document.documentElement.scrollHeight - document.documentElement.clientHeight;\n  var scrolled = (winScroll \/ height) * 100;\n  document.getElementById(\"myBar\").style.width = scrolled + \"%\";\n}\n<\/script>\n\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-312bf744 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"312bf744\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;sticky&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;sticky_offset&quot;:60,&quot;sticky_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;mobile&quot;],&quot;sticky_effects_offset&quot;:0}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-28333afa\" data-id=\"28333afa\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15280f81 title-gradient elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"15280f81\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\"><h1>No Filter<br>for the Right<\/h1><\/h1>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78ff689f subtitle-gradient elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"78ff689f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How Right-Wing recruiters<br>use Instagram to attract<br>young people<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-77086195 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"77086195\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-3d6d7786\" data-id=\"3d6d7786\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-46ba0b33 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"46ba0b33\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u201cThe girls are responsible for the beautiful picture,\u201d said an insider openly. Above all, it is the women are expected to lure Instagram users to the political right through posting aesthetic images and subtle messages. Emojis like the Reich\u2019s flag, hashtags like #heimatverliebt, and photos of AfD politicians posing for a right-wing fashion label: A CORRECTIV analysis of thousands of Instagram accounts found that the Right and Far-Right are recruiting young people on the supposedly apolitical platform &#8212; and that Instagram does little to intervene. \t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3d8efb98 elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-items-middle\" data-id=\"3d8efb98\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-2881eec8\" data-id=\"2881eec8\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-41241b7b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"41241b7b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" id=\"wie-tausende-rechte\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Propaganda, Networking and Recruiting<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7118a6fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7118a6fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">How Thousands of Right-Wing Accounts Exploit Instagram\u2019s Vulnerabilities<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-2c61edd4 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"2c61edd4\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7c077bf6 longread\" data-id=\"7c077bf6\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d435faa elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1d435faa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>It looks like a typical Instagram post: A blonde baby, wrapped in a soft, light brown shawl, sleeps peacefully in a cradle. The child is surrounded by a small plush wolf, a wooden sword, and some decorations. Warm lighting contributes perfectly to the mood. In short: pure innocence.<\/p><p>More than 600 users \u2018like\u2019 the post.<\/p><p>But just one look at the comments below reveals that the image means something quite different: The baby is a \u201cfighter\u201d, one user wrote. In a few years, the child will be ready for the \u201cspring offensives\u201d.<\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Then, the symbol in the photo becomes clear: The wooden decoration placed next to the baby\u2019s head is a Black Sun. Consisting of several overlayed swastikas, it is one of the most widely recognized symbols of modern right-wing extremisism. The symbol is reminiscent of <\/span><span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.faz.net\/aktuell\/gesellschaft\/ss-symbol-auf-lastwagen-schwarze-sonne-12155012.html\"><span lang=\"en-US\">a well-known SS ornament<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"en-US\">.<\/span><\/p><p>An infant next to a neo-Nazi motif? Welcome to the dark side of Instagram.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33bb35b2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"33bb35b2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"633\" height=\"633\" src=\"https:\/\/correctiv.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/schwarze-sonne-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-67597\" alt=\"Eine Schwarze Sonne neben einem Kleinkind\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">A Black Sun next to an infant. (Screenshot and pixelation: CORRECTIV)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3eeb665b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3eeb665b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>For most people, Instagram is a colorful and relatively harmless universe. Users post beautiful photos of nature, travel tips, recipes, or cute animals. It is a world in which models share their private lives, influencers advertise products, and artists present their work. Users can tag themselves in shared photos to show when they\u2019re at a lake or out to eat.<\/p><p>Life looks good on Instagram \u2013 and that\u2019s how Facebook, which has owned the platform since 2012, wants to keep it.<\/p><p>But there\u2019s another world on Instagram &#8212; a world in which the motto is: \u201cIt\u2019s great to be white.\u201d A world in which thousands of right-wing and far-right extremist users nourish the belief that Germany and Europe are under attack. A world in which white women are advised not to \u201cmix\u201d.<\/p><p>The leading figures in the scene understand Instagram\u2019s dynamics very well. They know how to camouflage themselves and how to take advantage of obvious weaknesses in the platform\u2019s algorithm. They have developed strategies for attracting views through seemingly harmless images and hashtags \u2013 such as #heimatverliebt (roughly translated \u201elove of homeland\u201c) \u2013 allowing them to not only spread radical content, but also attract young supporters to their cause.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5cb2a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e5cb2a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A Correctiv Analysis Shows, for the First Time, the Extent to Which Right-Wing Extremists Are Using Instagram to Network and Recruit Young People<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-12ea0740 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"12ea0740\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>For months, we followed the Right-Wing Instagram users from a fictional account, allowing us to learn about their world. We expanded our network by accepting the algorithm\u2019s suggestions. And we collected a lot of data.<\/p><p>Our team consists of several reporters, a data journalist, and a scientist. In total, we analyzed roughly 4,500 Instagram accounts and created the first-ever map of the intricate network of German Right-Wing Instagram users. Our investigation reveals its key figures, how they communicate, and how they promote themselves and their ideology.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-759aa3a2 elementor--h-position-center elementor--v-position-middle elementor-arrows-position-inside elementor-pagination-position-inside elementor-widget elementor-widget-slides\" data-id=\"759aa3a2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;transition&quot;:&quot;fade&quot;,&quot;navigation&quot;:&quot;both&quot;,&quot;autoplay&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_hover&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;pause_on_interaction&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;autoplay_speed&quot;:5000,&quot;infinite&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;transition_speed&quot;:500}\" data-widget_type=\"slides.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-swiper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-slides-wrapper elementor-main-swiper swiper-container\" dir=\"ltr\" data-animation=\"fadeInUp\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"swiper-wrapper elementor-slides\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-repeater-item-61b5648 swiper-slide\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-bg\" role=\"img\"><\/div><a class=\"swiper-slide-inner\" href=\"\/top-stories\/2020\/10\/07\/kein-filter-fuer-rechts-instagram-rechtsextremismus-daten-so-sind-wir-vorgegangen#daten-daten-daten-so-sind-wir-vorgegangen\"><div class=\"swiper-slide-contents\"><div class=\"elementor-slide-heading\">This is how we proceeded<\/div><div class=\"elementor-slide-description\">(German only)<\/div><div  class=\"elementor-button elementor-slide-button elementor-size-md\">Read article<\/div><\/div><\/a><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-390237a5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"390237a5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>A former influencer for the far-right \u201cIdentit\u00e4re Bewegung\u201d (Identitarian Movement, IB) told us how the organization actively recruits new members through the platform. \u201cWomen are used as showpieces,\u201d she said. \u201cExploitation, until the point of no return.\u201d<\/p><p>A board member of the \u201cJunge Alternative\u201d (Young Alternative) Berlin \u2013 the youth organization of the AfD \u2013 told us that the regional association now gets half of its recruits via Instagram. On his personal account, he showcases members of the JA and AfD, most of whom are women. Our investigation found that women in particular play a central role in the right-wing Instagram network. They can build a bridge between ostensibly apolitical aesthetics and a far-right worldview, ultimately connecting young users with right-extremist circles.<\/p><p>A former Instagram developer told us how difficult it is to escape the algorithm\u2019s pull: It is designed to show people more and more of the same content. In this sense, Instagram \u2013 which is owned by Facebook \u2013 is no different than any other social media platform.<\/p><p>\u201cNobody at Facebook has looked at how German right-wing extremist accounts and symbols can be recognized or fought,\u201d said the expert.<\/p><p>The company does not seem to look out for the Right\u2019s subtle strategies. Although Instagram forbids the use of the Black Sun on its platform, the photo of the baby was only taken down after we reported it. A spokeswoman for Instagram said that it would be \u201chelpful\u201d if we could report more content of this kind in the future.<\/p><p>The Right is using women who are lifestyle bloggers and influencers to sell their ideology to young people on Instagram \u2013 and the platform has no antidote.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-43cb6ddc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"43cb6ddc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Instagram\u2019s Multiplication Tables<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-254904b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"254904b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">In our analysis, the account of one photographer in particular kept appearing as a connection point: \u201c<\/span><span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/poCBT\"><span lang=\"en-US\">germanyspride<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"en-US\">\u201c. The first two years of posts show mostly landscape and architectural photography. But in September 2019, he began posting portraits of young and good-looking men and women. We found a common thread among most of the subjects: A connection to the JA or AfD.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">The account looks like a glossy portfolio for the two organizations. It even features prominent figures within their ranks, such as <\/span><span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/aGD7E\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Mary Khan<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"en-US\">, JA\u2019s deputy federal chairwoman, and <\/span><span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/X8Wwe\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Marie-Th\u00e9r\u00e8se Kaiser<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"en-US\">, the Rotenburg district chairwoman and <\/span><span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/1pplW\"><span lang=\"en-US\">campaign face<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span> for<span lang=\"en-US\"> the AfD. <\/span><span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/IXZGU\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Lisa Lehmann<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"en-US\">, who is on the board of the JA Saxony-Anhalt, also appears several times.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ffbdb67 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4ffbdb67\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"633\" height=\"633\" src=\"https:\/\/correctiv.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/germanyspride-4.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-67585\" alt=\"Der Fotograf \u201egermanyspride\u201c hat zahlreiche Aktivistinnen der AfD und JA abgelichtet \u2013 bekannte Gesichter auf diesem Screenshot sind Mary Khan (JA, oben rechts), Felice Ferrer Vargas (AfD Leipzig, unten Mitte) und Talisa Barfuss (ehemals Vorstand JA Berlin). Personen, die nicht in der \u00d6ffentlichkeit stehen, haben wir unkenntlich gemacht.\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">The Instagram photographer \u201cgermanyspride\u201d has photographed numerous AfD and JA activists. In this screenshot, the familiar faces of Mary Khan (JA, top right), Felice Ferrer Vargas (AfD Leipzig, bottom center) and Talisa Barfuss (former board member of JA Berlin) can be seen. The faces of non-public figures have been blurred for privacy. (Screenshot and pixelation: CORRECTIV)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fffc2cf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fffc2cf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">The photographer is Vadim Derksen, a <\/span><span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/aGD7E\">member of JA\u2019s<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/aGD7E\"> federal board<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"en-US\">. In a conversation with CORRECTIV, he said that the \u201cgermanyspride\u201d account is actually just a by-product. It goes back to September 2019, when he photographed a JA Berlin campaign titled \u201cNie wieder Sozialismus\u201d (Never Again Socialism). \u201cThat was the initial spark,\u201d said Derksen. The goal was to take pictures \u201cwhere we don\u2019t have a stuffy <\/span><span lang=\"en-US\">look, but rather the way young people normally look like.\u201d<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Junge Alternative has been focusing its efforts on Instagram for about a year, confirmed Vadim Derksen. Their intention is to appear \u201cyoung, agile, attractive\u201d. The fact that JA Berlin held <\/span><span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/s5fF1\"><span lang=\"en-US\">a photography workshop<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"en-US\"> in July 2019 fits with this statement. \u201cWe try are trying and becoming more professional,\u201d wrote the regional association on its account.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Instagram is one of the most popular social media apps in the world. <\/span><span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/business\/marketing\/instagram\"><span lang=\"en-US\">According to Facebook<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"en-US\">, more than 500 million users engage with Instagram daily. In Germany, <\/span><span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.ard-zdf-onlinestudie.de\/whatsapponlinecommunities\/\"><span lang=\"en-US\">almost 50 percent of 14 to 29<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"en-US\">-year-olds are daily users, according to a 2019 study by ARD and ZDF. <\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">The JA seems to have recognized what is important on Instagram. \u201cPeople want to see people, including positive people, and fewer organizations. It\u2019s very clear,\u201d explained Derksen. Every industry operates in a way such that \u201cyou don\u2019t primarily have a product upfront, but people. And these people then deliver the message. That is the basics of Instagram. That\u2019s exactly how we work, too, so that the people are in focus.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71f4e5c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"71f4e5c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Bringing Hashtags into Play<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-794132e3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"794132e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">On Instagram, the women JA activists share insights into their everyday life. Political content may not be in the foreground, but it\u2019s there subliminally. Take a photo of Lisa Lehmann having a beer after work, for example \u2013 or in the Harz mountains, or on the island of Sylt. She is constantly on the go, taking photos on behalf of JA Berlin. Lehmann often adds the hashtag #Heimatliebe to the posts on her public profile with around 1,500 followers. In her account biography, she does not state her political affiliation. <\/span><span lang=\"de-DE\">There is only a quote in Frakturschrift, the official font of the Nazi party: \u201cEin Mensch, der keine Heimat hat, gleicht einem windverwehten Blatt.\u201d <\/span><span lang=\"en-US\">(A person without a homeland is like a wind-blown sheet). <\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">The JA does not use hashtags randomly. Instagram users use hashtags to find new accounts and content on a topic that interests them. The hashtag #Heimatliebe is a bit difficult because a lot of people use it, \u201cbut it fits in with us, purely thematically; that\u2019s why we use it to fill this hashtag,\u201d explains Vadim Derksen.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Heimatliebe, or love of the homeland, is clearly a main theme in JA\u2019s Instagram presence. Some activists are rather clear about this. On her private profile, Hana K. \u2013 a <\/span><span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/qAufK\"><span lang=\"en-US\">board<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"en-US\"> member of JA Berlin \u2013 regularly posts dreamy portraits of herself with captions such as: \u201cMay the last rays of sunshine of the year also be the last for Merkel in Government!\u201d. And under a photo of her smiling with a colorful maple leaf: \u201cA fall leaf is better than a burqa.\u201d Hashtag #Heimatliebe (love of homeland), hashtag #patriotisch (patriotic).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5af03187 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5af03187\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"633\" height=\"633\" src=\"https:\/\/correctiv.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/hannak.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-67587\" alt=\"Ein Beitrag auf dem Instagram-Profil der JA-Aktivistin Hana K., in dem sie typische Hashtags verwendet. Der Account ist nicht \u00f6ffentlich einsehbar.\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">A post on the Instagram profile of JA activist Hana K., in which she uses typical right-wing hashtags. The account is not publicly accessible. (Screenshot and pixelation: CORRECTIV)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ae50409 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5ae50409\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"western\">\u201c<span lang=\"en-US\">We\u2019re still at the very beginning,\u201d said Derksen. \u201cAs intensively as we\u2019re doing it now, it\u2019s only been a year. But yes, there are successes.\u201d About half of the membership growth of JA Berlin over the past year can be traced back to Instagram. The regional association has around 1,500 followers on platform. \u201cThe people who are interested come to us themselves. In other words: they write to us on Instagram.\u201d<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Our investigation reveals how political content is mixed with harmless hashtags. <\/span><span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/explore\/tags\/heimatverliebt\/\">Searching for<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/explore\/tags\/heimatverliebt\/\"> #heimatverliebt <\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/explore\/tags\/heimatverliebt\/\">(<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/explore\/tags\/heimatverliebt\/\">love of homeland) on Instagram<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"en-US\"> gives around 4,500 results immediately: colorful photos of nature, architecture, people in traditional costumes. Scrolling down shows a post with a photo of the German flag and the hashtag #Jungealternative. In another picture, a young man poses in front of a banner that reads \u201cVolk\u201d (people, in the sense of nation). It was posted by a right-wing extremist account called \u201cAltstadtrevolte Bautzen\u201d (Bautzen Old Town Revolt), which is <\/span><span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.belltower.news\/rechtsrock-fan-und-geschichtsrevisionist-erster-gewaehlter-ib-aktivist-mit-mandat-in-hoyerswerda-85861\/\"><span lang=\"en-US\">closely related to the Identit\u00e4re Bewegung<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"en-US\"> (Identitarian Movement, IB).<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">When asked about the use of the hashtags by different groups, Derksen wrote: \u201cWe have no control over who uses these hashtags and we also do not control this because it is totally absurd.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-617ed505 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"617ed505\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Women as Links in the Network<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4833adfc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4833adfc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Time and time again, the Instagram accounts of young women who are followed by many activists appeared as strong links within the Right-Wing network. During our investigation, it quickly became clear that we had to concentrate on these influencers.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\">\u201c<span lang=\"en-US\">The right has long been aware that women appear to be more peaceful,\u201d said Katrin Degen, a doctoral student at the University of Bamberg who is authoring a thesis titled \u201cGender and Sexuality in Social Media Discourses of the Extreme Right\u201d. As early as the 1990s, women carried posters at demonstrations. The few women who were members of the NPD were specifically asked to get themselves elected to school boards. This tradition continues on social networks such as Instagram, explained Degen: Women are always \u201csent to the front\u201d where it is necessary to introduce \u201cideology through the back door\u201d.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">To find out which of the 4,500 accounts in our database were particularly relevant, we first identified the profiles of roughly 130 women \u201cinfluencers\u201d. Then, we filtered them according to the strength of their connective function for the entire network of 4,500 accounts \u2013 leaving us with a total of 50 influencer accounts. Among them are prominent names such as Brittany Sellner, who is married to the head of IB Austria, Martin Sellner. She has more than 30,700 followers on Instagram. Among the AfD accounts, Marie-Th\u00e9r\u00e8se Kaiser has the most followers \u2013 around 8,800.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Most of the influencers move within the IB network as well as a larger group of accounts we classified as \u201cRight subculture\u201d, such as fashion or music labels. We were most interested in the accounts that belonged to women members of the IB or JA \u2013 which often drew direct connections between the organizations.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-132613bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"132613bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"946\" height=\"1200\" src=\"https:\/\/correctiv.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/female_influencer_final.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-67803\" alt=\"Die Grafik zeigt die Vernetzung von Influencerinnen auf Instagram\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">The diagram shows around 110 interconnected influencer accounts in our database. The color corresponds to the category assigned to the respective account. The size of the dot corresponds to the strength of the linking function of the account (Betweenness Centrality) in this section of the network. People who are public figures are identified by their name. (Diagram: Clemens Kommerell \/ CORRECTIV)<br><a href=\"\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/female_influencer_network.pdf\" target=\"blank\">See the network in higher resolution<\/a><\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11fabf29 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11fabf29\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">According to the <\/span><span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.verfassungsschutz.de\/de\/arbeitsfelder\/af-rechtsextremismus\/zahlen-und-fakten-rechtsextremismus\/identitaere-bewegung-deutschland-2019\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Bundesamt f\u00fcr Verfassungsschutz<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"en-US\"> (Domestic Intelligence Service of Germany ), IB Germany is a \u201cconfirmed right-wing extremist endeavor\u201d. It represents a nationalist idea of a people that contradicts the Constitution. Similarly, JA has been classified by the Agency as a \u201c<\/span><span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.verfassungsschutz.de\/de\/aktuelles\/zur-sache\/zs-2019-002-fachinformation-zu-teilorganisationen-der-partei-alternative-fuer-deutschland-afd\"><span lang=\"en-US\">suspected instance<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.verfassungsschutz.de\/de\/aktuelles\/zur-sache\/zs-2019-002-fachinformation-zu-teilorganisationen-der-partei-alternative-fuer-deutschland-afd\"><span lang=\"en-US\">\u201c of an extremist organization and is therefore also being monitored.<\/span><\/a><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">On Instagram, the groups hide behind seemingly harmless content. The profiles of young women within their network blend in with thousands of other accounts on the platform.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Hardly any of them use their real names, and many do not openly show that they belong to groups such as IB. The largest group in our database has therefore been classified as \u201cpatriots and conspiracy ideologues\u201d. It includes everyone who we could not clearly identify as affiliated with a particular organization, ranging from fans of the right-wing extremist rapper Chris Ares to those who simply posted about right-wing ideology.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Some of the signs are so subtle that even members of the right-wing network cannot always recognize kindred spirits at a first glance.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2e6bcae9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2e6bcae9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Insider: Instagram is Important to Feed the New Right Movement<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32f47906 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"32f47906\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Lisa H. knows the right-wing movement from the inside. \u201cWith women in particular, it is not so easy, because you can only determine whether they fit in or not by looking at the list of followers,\u201d the insider told us in early September during a video call that lasted several hours.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">With around 9,500 followers on Instagram, Lisa H. pops up in our database. She was briefly a member and influencer for the IB under the pseudonym \u201cLisa Licentia\u201d. She posted, among other content, YouTube videos in which she incited hatred against refugees and migrants.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">The former IB activist talked about how she became radicalized and learned to attract more followers to the right-wing Instagram network. \u201cAs a woman, it would never occur to me to play Kaiser marching music with my pictures. But if I see this 20 times, I find it amusing, and then I do it, too,\u201d she said. \u201cYou have a concept of the enemy, and you try to gradually impose this concept onto the people, bit by bit.\u201d<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">The 27-year-old Bavarian woman, who now lives in Cologne, had the rare opportunity of looking at the core, the creative fabric, of the German-speaking New Right. Today, she said, she is participating in a dropout program for right-wing extremists and wants to help educate people about the scene.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-240b0947 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"240b0947\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"633\" height=\"633\" src=\"https:\/\/correctiv.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/lisa.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-67593\" alt=\"Lisa H. Anfang September im Gespr\u00e4ch mit unserem Reporter.\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Lisa H. in conversation with our reporter in early September. (Screenshot: CORRECTIV)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10b05fe elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"10b05fe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"western\">\u201c<span lang=\"en-US\">If something is actually important, it\u2019s Instagram. To keep the movement stable and to continue to feed it,\u201d said Lisa H. Members of the network remain insulated amongst themselves as they gradually see more of the same content. \u201cNo other opinion can get through.\u201d<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">While undercover and in the data we collected, we saw what she meant first hand. Racists memes appeared in the feed of our fictitious account often. In one post with over 1,000 likes, images of emaciated, Black children are on the left, with the text: \u201cThey Need Our Help!\u201d. On the right are photos of refugees, with the text: \u201cThey Don\u2019t!\u201d<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">There are posts about an alleged \u201cIslamization\u201d, screenshots of right-wing media articles about refugees allegedly committing violent crime: \u201cWe Can Do It: Asylum in Germany Despite 58 Murder Charges.\u201d One AfD politician, Beatrix von Storch, posted a photo of herself holding a banner that says \u201cSharia does not belong in Germany.\u201d There are event invitations from right-wing extremist organizations such as \u201cDer Dritte Weg\u201d (The Third Way), criticism of public media, and quotes from Renaud Camus, a pioneer of the New Right.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Right-wing extremist background noise \u2013 there is no other way to describe it. Lisa H. developed extreme anxiety as a result, she told us. \u201cAnd I saw that happen to many, many others \u2013 that they are really living in a state of permanent fear, and this fear is constantly being fueled. The entire time.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-478bb112 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"478bb112\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Instagram Stories for Recruiting Purposes<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11e7fd84 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"11e7fd84\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">The value of Instagram to the New Right is shown by the fact that, according to Lisa H., the IB organizes workshops focusing on its own marketing: \u201cHow do you take pictures? What should they look like? What is forbidden in terms of the overall image design, as well as concerning how people portray themselves?\u201d<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">A Cologne student association called \u201cBurschenschaft Germania\u201d (Germania Fraternity) even gave PowerPoint presentations on the topic. \u201cI saw two presentations. One about online presence, and another about clothing. How should I dress as a member of the Right? How can I identify other Right-Wing people who have the same style? How should I cut my hair? What should I wear as a woman?\u201d<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\">\u201c<span lang=\"en-US\">The thing about the hashtags is also important, only women actually use them, it isn\u2019t something for men at all. Their profiles are mainly private, so the girls are more responsible for the pretty pictures. But their stories are no different from those of the men, and that\u2019s the bad thing.\u201d<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">The IB actively approaches young people through Instagram and tries to persuade them to participate in local meetings, said Lisa H. \u201cThen they see how robust the ideology is. And if what the recruiters say is sound, they are pulled in.\u201d<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">The Right uses all possible promotional tools on the platform: \u201cIt\u2019s actually best to respond to stories where something \u2018amusing\u2019 is shared.\u201d The story feature on Instagram allows users to post pictures and videos that disappear after 24 hours. Others can respond with messages or emojis.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\">\u201c<span lang=\"en-US\">Send a tank, an emoji, or something like that to start an interaction. Then you will also see that after a very short time, if it works, you will eventually slip into the \u2018close friends\u2019,\u201d said Lisa H. With Instagram\u2019s \u201cClose Friends\u201d feature, stories can be shared with just a select group users.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\">\u201c<span lang=\"en-US\">And then there comes the hard shit,\u201d said Lisa H.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">On Adolf Hitler\u2019s birthday, a young woman who follows Lisa H. shared a meme with her Close Friends list: Hitler with a cake in hand, and music playing in the background. \u201cShe actually thought that was okay with me.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7925b859 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7925b859\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Discreet, but Essential to the Right: Reinhild Bo\u00dfdorf<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73a8841e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73a8841e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Lisa H. also told us about one of her main contacts early into her time with IB: Reinhild Bo\u00dfdorf from North Rhine-Westphalia.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Bo\u00dfdorf has a public Instagram account \u2013 under a fake name \u2013 with around 1,800 followers. We initially categorized her as a \u201cYouTuber\u201d instead of an IB activist, but later recognized that she was a key figure in the network and an important connection point between the AfD and IB.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">At first glance, Reinhild Bo\u00dfdorf\u2019s Instagram seems apolitical. Her posts show a young woman with a weakness for braided hair. Only the link to her YouTube channel \u201cRein weiblich\u201d (Purely Feminine) suggests an ulterior motive .<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">In reality, Bo\u00dfdorf plays an extremely important role among our dataset of 4,500 Instagram accounts. Her connective function is even stronger than that of Brittany Sellner, who is married to IB leader Martin Sellner.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1775479d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"1775479d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"633\" height=\"633\" src=\"https:\/\/correctiv.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/amandina-1.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-67599\" alt=\"Das \u00f6ffentliche Instagram-Profil von Reinhild Bo\u00dfdorf.\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Reinhild Bo\u00dfdorf\u2019s public Instagram profile. (Screenshot and pixelation: CORRECTIV)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-73242203 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"73242203\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Bo\u00dfdorf, who is in her early twenties, is currently committed to the AfD. She and several women AfD and JA activists follow each other on Instagram. Among them: Mary Khan, Marie-Th\u00e9r\u00e8se Kaiser, and Lisa Lehmann, all with their private accounts. The JA Berlin account, which Vadim Derksen manages, also follows Bo\u00dfdorf. When asked about their connection, Derksen said that JA Berlin was not closely familiar with Bo\u00dfdorf and her past, and that following someone does not mean agreeing with their views. Lehmann, Kaiser and Khan did not respond to requests for comment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">In September, Bo\u00dfdorf ran for office in the K\u00f6nigswinter local election as a member of the AfD. This was confirmed by the NRW electoral office. Her mother, Irmhild Bo\u00dfdorf, also ran for office in K\u00f6nigswinter, but in a different constituency. Irmhild is also a member of the AfD Rhein-Sieg <\/span><span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/DiYsE\"><span lang=\"en-US\">district board<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"en-US\"> and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/nNw5S\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><span lang=\"en-US\">runs the local office<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"en-US\"> for Bundestag member R\u00fcdiger Lucassen.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">According to the <\/span><span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20200930122607\/https:\/cdn.afd.tools\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/111\/2020\/09\/Unvereinbarkeitsliste-Mitgliedschaft-AfD-2020_06_26.pdf\"><span lang=\"en-US\">AfD\u2019s incompatibility list<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"en-US\">, members of the Identitarian Movement are not allowed to join the party. The AfD Rhein-Sieg district did not respond to a request for comment about the matter. When asked whether she is currently a member of both IB and the AfD, Reinhild Bo\u00dfdorf also did not respond to a request for comment.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6a57f5a8 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"6a57f5a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2fb5cc1f elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"2fb5cc1f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 59.53 59.53\"><defs><style>.cls-1{fill:#ff5064;}<\/style><\/defs><g id=\"Ebene_3\" data-name=\"Ebene 3\"><path class=\"cls-1\" d=\"M40.46,24.09a3,3,0,0,0-1.35-1.95,3.14,3.14,0,0,0-2.33-.42L36.18,19a5.91,5.91,0,0,1,7,4.52Z\"><\/path><path class=\"cls-1\" d=\"M29.22,47.28,10.74,31.48V20.25l4.64-5.56h10.5l3.24,3.88,3.24-3.88,10.43,0,4.63,5.53V31.48ZM13.54,30.19,29.2,43.59,44.6,30.21V21.26l-3.14-3.74-7.82,0L29.1,23l-4.54-5.46H16.68l-3.15,3.78Z\"><\/path><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1654d178 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1654d178\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">CORRECTIV is donation-based<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-799d16be elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"799d16be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><i>With your contribution, you support independent, long-term investigative stories like this.<\/i><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c3a9b7d elementor-align-center elementor-mobile-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"1c3a9b7d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"\/en\/single-donation\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Donate now<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2f0b6bd1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2f0b6bd1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a style=\"color: #292929; border-bottom: 1px solid #ff5064;\" href=\"\/en\/about-us\/\">Learn more about CORRECTIV<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56299c8a elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"56299c8a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2814de27 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2814de27\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Lisa H. describes the Bo\u00dfdorf family as \u201cv\u00f6lkisch\u201d (thinking of a people in a eugenic sense). In recent years, Reinhild Bo\u00dfdorf has attended <\/span><span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/EHnSX\"><span lang=\"en-US\">IB events<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"en-US\"> and was significantly involved in the \u201c120db\u201d initiative, in which women wanted to draw attention to an alleged increase in sexual violence committed by migrants. Lisa H. said that she was also involved. Bo\u00dfdorf also founded the \u201cLukreta\u201d initiative, which \u201cstands up for women\u2019s rights and against the displacement of women from public spaces\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1ad46df1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1ad46df1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>\u201cAfraid of Going into the Street\u201d<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7c3f9b4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7c3f9b4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">According to Lisa H., although Bo\u00dfdorf was \u201ccast out\u201d by the IB community, she continued to orbit their circle. On her YouTube channel, which which was created just five months ago, Bo\u00dfdorf discusses \u201cwomen\u2019s political topics\u201d. <\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">In one video, she denounces \u201cmodern feminism\u201d. It \u201ccomes down to the fact that women are becoming more masculine, and men, more feminine,\u201d she says. Bo\u00dfdorf believes that femininity belongs to biologically female people, who must also behave and dress in a feminine manner. In her videos, Bo\u00dfdorf argues that feminism pits women against men, and only addresses sexual crimes when the perpetrators are white. She said that as a woman in North Rhine-Westphalia, she was afraid of going out into the street.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">It was through these videos that she eventually gained favor with the IB community. And in the summer, she was <\/span><span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/e2h0v\"><span lang=\"en-US\">interviewed<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"en-US\"> by Martin Sellner, the head of IB Austria.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Fear of violence committed by migrants is a central mobilizing element for women in the far-right network. Lisa H. told us: \u201cI think when I was in contact with them, I used to cry at night for weeks on end, because I was scared my daughters would be raped or Sharia law be imposed, as absurd as that sounds.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a512754 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2a512754\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>From \u201cMom Blogger\u201d to Nazi Uniforms<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a2b196b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1a2b196b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"western\">\u201c<span lang=\"en-US\">If you look at the profiles, especially those belonging to women, they look like \u2013 how should I put it \u2013 Swedish profiles. You see a cornfield, you see a woman in a dress, and you see one baking,\u201d said Lisa H.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Our analysis of a select 50 Instagram accounts from the Far-Right network found an all too common aesthetic: photos of women in traditional clothing, with long, braided hair, in a natural environment, some with references to Nordic mythology.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Of course, not all influencers in network look like this. The number of right-wing women who take on a different aesthetic and discuss topics that \u201cseem quite feminist\u201d is increasing, said Degen, the doctoral student at the University of Bamberg. She said that this makes the far-right even more interesting for young women. Nevertheless, the more traditional, maternal images of women in nature remain widespread in the right-wing scene today.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">A good example of this is the account of a \u201cmom blogger\u201d in our dataset. The young mother writes about femininity and allows her roughly 1,000 followers to take part in her family life. In her posts, she wears long dresses, poses in flower meadows, and writes captions that emphasize the advantages of a natural lifestyle, as well as being a housewife and mother.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f94ce9c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7f94ce9c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"633\" height=\"633\" src=\"https:\/\/correctiv.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/wunderlicht2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-67947\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">A post from the mom blogger\u2019s Instagram profile. (Screenshot: CORRECTIV)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72a80d04 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"72a80d04\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">In one caption, she wrote: \u201cMany women go to work even though they have children. It may be for economic reasons or due to social pressure, since everyone in their social circle does it.\u201d But when work only stresses you out, it drains a woman\u2019s energy. \u201cThen this energy is missing at home, the children don\u2019t get it.\u201d In another post, she described the \u201cessential qualities\u201d of a woman: conception, conservation and devotion.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">These views do not necessarily indicate an affiliation with the far-right or right-extremist scene. But the data show that the young woman\u2019s Instagram account is followed by several IB activists. Furthermore, her feed is filled with content from ideologically similar creators. For example, she follows one popular Instagram account called \u201cHeimatverbunden\u201d (Connected to the Homeland), which has over 12,800 followers.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">In its profile description, the account includes a rune that originates from the \u201cLebensborn\u201d association \u2013 a state-sanctioned Nazi organization that promoted eugenic ideology under Hitler. Historical photos of people in Wehrmacht uniforms or images with slogans such as \u201cIt\u2019s okay to be white\u201d are also posted on the page.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68df9a41 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"68df9a41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"633\" height=\"633\" src=\"https:\/\/correctiv.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/heimatverbunden-2.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-67589\" alt=\"Das \u00f6ffentliche Instagram-Profil \u201eHeimatverbunden\u201c. Ob es von einer Einzelperson oder einer Organisation betrieben wird, ist unklar.\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">The public Instagram profile \u201cHeimatverbunden\u201d. It is not clear if it is operated by an individual or an organization. (Screenshot: CORRECTIV)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-225507b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"225507b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">The blogger did not respond to a request for comment. Instead, she switched her previously public profile to private.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">The example of the \u201cmom blogger\u201d shows how the lines between right-wing extremism and seemingly harmless content are blurred. It shows how right-wing extremist attitudes play in the background of flaunted aesthetic. So to better understand that how these paths interconnect, we looked deeper into the data.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">The young mother follows accounts like \u201cEuropean People\u201d, which has more than 8,900 followers. Some of their photos show the far-right extremist Frank Kraemer, who plays in the far-right rock band \u201cStahlgewitter\u201d (Steel Storm). Incidentally, Kraemer also follows the young blogger on Instagram, as well as Reinhild Bo\u00dfdorf. Kraemer told CORRECTIV that he did not know them personally, and that he followed them for \u201ctheir interesting content.\u201d<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Kraemer has connections to the nationalist group Europa Terra Nostra. The initiative, which published a book by the Rockstar, has a member of the far-right National Democratic Party on its board. And like JA and IB, Europa Terra Nostra recognizes the importance of digital media \u2013 and offered Photoshop seminars as early as 2018.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">An English-speaking profile called \u201cMadame Europa\u201d appeared in our network. Its content focuses on topics like traditional family and femininity, as well as rejecting of feminism. The driving force behind the account is the right-wing extremist group Europa Invicta. In an <\/span><span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"https:\/\/archive.is\/wPzO9\"><span lang=\"en-US\">interview<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"en-US\"> for Kraemer\u2019s blog, Madame Europa\u2019s account manager \u2013 a graphic designer from France \u2013 said that he wants to portray the aesthetic of Europe as the \u201chome of whites\u201d. The \u201cMadame Europa\u201d account is explicitly aimed at women, with slogans such as \u201cFemininity not Feminism\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-573399b9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"573399b9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"633\" height=\"633\" src=\"https:\/\/correctiv.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/madame-europa.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-67595\" alt=\"Der \u00f6ffentliche Account von \u201eMadame Europa\u201c geh\u00f6rt zum Label \u201eEuropa Invicta\u201c.\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">The public account \u201cMadame Europa\u201d belongs to the group \u201cEuropa Invicta\u201d. (Screenshot: CORRECTIV)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34d4bcdf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"34d4bcdf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">As we delved deeper, undercover, into the world of the Far-Right, we wondered whether the technology itself allowed this network to flourish. So we talked with a researcher who studies social media algorithms, as well as a former Instagram employee.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1dd5f916 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1dd5f916\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Expert Opinion: The Right Exploits the Platform\u2019s Weaknesses<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-799730ca elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"799730ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.city.ac.uk\/news\/2020\/july\/new-paper-calls-on-instagram-to-do-more-to-protect-women-and-vulnerable-users-online\" target=\"_blank\" style=\"background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);\">Carolina Are<\/a>&nbsp;is a doctoral candidate at the University of London. She researches, among other things, algorithmic bias: errors in a computer system that lead to skewed results \u2013 such as favoring one group of users over another.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">\u201c<span lang=\"en-US\">There isn\u2019t that much research about filter bubbles or echo chambers on Instagram,\u201d said Are. \u201cFor now, it has focused on Facebook and Twitter.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">However, there are indications that so-called filter bubbles, or echo chambers, can also form on Instagram. The result is that users gradually see more and more content that matches their personal viewpoints, including politics. This phenomenon <\/span><span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/331936299_Echo_Chambers_on_Facebook\"><span lang=\"en-US\">particularly affects Facebook<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"en-US\"> users. When people are in a filter bubble, they don\u2019t change their mind \u2013 but instead, become more polarized, Are said.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\">\u201c<span lang=\"en-US\">One of Instagram\u2019s main characteristics is the algorithm\u2019s recommendations,\u201d said Are. \u201cIf you start liking something a lot, they will send you to something similar.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">We experienced this on our fictional account. When we viewed the stories of people we followed, we got suggestions to look at other, similar accounts.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">In our case, that meant right-wing meme pages, right-wing influencers, right-wing clothing brands, and AfD politicians.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5df558be elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5df558be\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"633\" height=\"633\" src=\"https:\/\/correctiv.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/vorschlaege.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-67605\" alt=\"Diese Vorschl\u00e4ge macht Instagram unserem fiktiven Account.\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Instagram\u2019s suggested content for our fictional account. (Screenshot: CORRECTIV)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19f5bfda elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"19f5bfda\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Are, however, is not only worried about filter bubble effect. She fears that right-wing extremists could also exploit algorithmic weaknesses.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\">\u201c<span lang=\"en-US\">At the moment, hate speech isn\u2019t regulated as well,\u201d Are said. Although Instagram effectively filters nudity from user feeds, it is much more difficult for the platform when it comes to hate speech and prohibited symbols. Mark Zuckerberg, head of the Facebook group, said this himself <\/span><span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/notes\/mark-zuckerberg\/a-blueprint-for-content-governance-and-enforcement\/10156443129621634\/\"><span lang=\"en-US\">in a 2018 post<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"en-US\">.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Over the course of our investigation, we saw several unpixellated swastikas and presumably hateful content in images that were altered using simple methods in such a way that the algorithm evidently did not recognize them. For instance, the word \u201cwhite\u201d appeared, pixelated, in the slogan \u201cIt\u2019s great to be white\u201d, so that the image would not be deleted.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-57df781e elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"57df781e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"633\" height=\"633\" src=\"https:\/\/correctiv.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/itsgreattobe.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-67591\" alt=\"Ein Beitrag des Labels \u201eEuropa Invicta\u201c mit dem Slogan \u201eIt\u2019s great to be white\u201c \u2013 Verpixelung im Bild im Original. Der Instagram-Account ist nicht \u00f6ffentlich einsehbar.\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">A post by the label \u201cEuropa Invicta\u201d with the slogan \u201cIt\u2019s great to be white\u201d \u2013 the pixilation in the picture is original. The Instagram account is not publicly accessible. (Screenshot: CORRECTIV)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1521abad elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1521abad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Former Instagram Developer: The Platform Is Not Concerned With How to Recognize German Right-Wing Extremist Symbols<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53b661b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"53b661b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Gregor Hochmuth is convinced that there is a simple explanation: \u201cI can guarantee you that no one at Facebook, at least not for any depth of substance, has looked at how to detect and combat Far-Right German accounts and symbols.\u201d Hochmuth <\/span><span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.focus.de\/finanzen\/news\/deutsche-stars-im-silicon-valley-6-gregor-hochmuth-29_id_3408422.html\"><span lang=\"en-US\">is one of the founding developers of Instagram<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span>.<span lang=\"en-US\"> He left the platform in 2014 along with many other employees, two years after it was taken over by Facebook. Today, he works as a freelance developer and says that he no longer uses social media. We talked with him over video chat in mid-September.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\">\u201c<span lang=\"en-US\">I don\u2019t think it\u2019s malevolent. I don\u2019t think they would want this on their platform if they had a choice,\u201d said Hochmuth. \u201cBut how do you know if your platform of two billion people has problematic content? You don\u2019t. You look for the stuff you already know exists, but everything else\u2026 You don\u2019t know.\u201d <\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">This causes difficulties.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">If nature photos, for example, are used as a vehicle for racist hate speech, it is difficult to recognize when no one has previously defined the issue: \u201cIt does require. It\u2019s not automatic. A human actually has to sit down with a computer and be like: This is a symbol that\u2019s problematic.\u201d Hochmuth is certain that for German right-wing extremist symbols, this has not yet happened. <\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">According to the developer, after Facebook took over, a large portion of Instagram was redesigned so that the platform resembled Facebook: \u201cIt\u2019s a given that the Instagram algorithm, at its core, is the same as the Facebook algorithm. And what we know about the Facebook algorithm is that it creates filter bubbles. It learns about you and what you like.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68e96703 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"68e96703\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>After Our Report, Instagram Deleted the Photo of the Sleeping Baby with the Sunwheel<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a3ed8c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2a3ed8c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">We confronted Instagram with our investigation a week before this text was published. Among other things, we asked them how many German right-wing extremist accounts are being watched by the platform, and what symbols are prohibited.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Instagram informs us that there are \u201cclear rules\u201d <\/span><span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><span lang=\"zxx\"><span lang=\"en-US\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/communitystandards\/dangerous_individuals_organizations\">in its<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/communitystandards\/dangerous_individuals_organizations\"> community standards<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><span lang=\"en-US\"> for \u201cDangerous Individuals and Organizations\u201d on Facebook and Instagram. Thus, all \u201ccontent that expresses support or praise for groups, leaders, or individuals involved in these activities\u201d will be removed from the platform. This also applies to symbols and slogans that are used \u201cin a neo-Nazi context\u201d.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">A team of 350 people worldwide \u2013 including German-language speakers \u2013 are concerned with keeping \u201cextremist people, groups or content\u201d away from Instagram. They investigate new trends in language and symbols and know that relevant accounts \u201csometimes disguise\u201d their activities.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Instagram\u2019s solution makes it look as if the problem under control. But the actual effectiveness of these safety precautions is demonstrated by the picture of the baby with the Black Sun: Instagram only removed the content after someone else had reported it. By then, it had been online for 11 months.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">A spokeswoman also said that \u201cthe hashtags #DefendEuropa and #heimatverliebt would be investigated,\u201d but only after they were reported by CORRECTIV. She said it would also be \u201chelpful\u201d if we could report other accounts.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Filtering out far-right content should look different.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c38310e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2c38310e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Well Disguised Hatred<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79c2033d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"79c2033d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">The various right-wing communities mix and overlap on Instagram. They use similar hashtags and can easily disguise their political content. Users can stumble across right-wing extremist profiles without even realizing it. <\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">This is how Instagram can contribute to radicalization.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">The Bundesamt f\u00fcr Verfassungsschutz (Domestic Intelligence Service of Germany) confirmed our findings. On platforms with an audiovisual focus, information density is particularly high compared to other platforms, said a representative from the agency. It is therefore a particular challenge for the operators to check the content in full. \u201cIn this respect, there is a risk that right-wing extremist ideas can be targeted at young people, while bypassing platform administration and community guidelines.\u201d<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">An example: A young woman named Josephine, who follows Bo\u00dfdorf and other accounts in the network, recently posted a picture of \u201cMadame Europa\u201d on her story. It shows a young woman with plaited hair in front of a forest of pink flowers. In a typical Instagram pose, she seems to be pulling the person behind the camera by the hand. \u201cCome on, I\u2019ll show you my world\u201d, is what the picture expresses. It\u2019s caption: \u201cWhen you\u2019re white, there is no upgrade, don\u2019t mix\u201d.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">It seems to be clear to the creators that they are violating Instagram\u2019s rules. When you search for posts about \u201cMadame Europa\u201d, the image shows up blurred and with a note: \u201cThis picture may be censored and cause this account to be suspended. Discover it on Telegram.\u201d Then there is a link to a Telegram channel, we found the unblurred photo of the woman with the pink flowers.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">People who post about \u201cEuropa Invicta\u201d use the same strategy. One unrecognizable picture on Instagram led to a Telegram channel. There, we found the original image: A father with three children in a field of flowers. It\u2019s an idyllic family photo except for one thing \u2013 everyone but the little girl is holding a firearm. The caption reads \u201cVerteidige dein Land\u201d (Defend your country).<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7bd7efe elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"7bd7efe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"633\" height=\"633\" src=\"https:\/\/correctiv.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/10\/europa.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-67880\" alt=\"\u201eEuropa Invicta\u201c lockt Instagram-Nutzer auf seinen Telegram-Kanal (links). Das rechte Bild teilte eine junge Frau, der unser fiktiver Account folgt, in ihrer Instagram-Story.\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">\u201cEuropa Invicta\u201d attracts Instagram users to its Telegram channel (left). The picture on the right was shared on the Instagram story by a young woman who follows our fictional account. (Screenshot: CORRECTIV)<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3bd6098 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3bd6098\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p class=\"western\"><span lang=\"en-US\">Our investigation shows that the depths of Instagram are riddled with hatred. But it is a kind of hate that knows how to camouflage itself well. The platform does not seem to have found a way to effectively counteract this dangerous content. Our research took us deep below the surface. But we have not reached the bottom yet.<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-6f7ca030 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6f7ca030\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-6649b159\" data-id=\"6649b159\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bb7f8b3 elementor-view-default elementor-widget elementor-widget-icon\" data-id=\"bb7f8b3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"icon.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-icon\">\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 59.53 59.53\"><defs><style>.cls-1{fill:#ff5064;}<\/style><\/defs><g id=\"Ebene_3\" data-name=\"Ebene 3\"><path class=\"cls-1\" d=\"M40.46,24.09a3,3,0,0,0-1.35-1.95,3.14,3.14,0,0,0-2.33-.42L36.18,19a5.91,5.91,0,0,1,7,4.52Z\"><\/path><path class=\"cls-1\" d=\"M29.22,47.28,10.74,31.48V20.25l4.64-5.56h10.5l3.24,3.88,3.24-3.88,10.43,0,4.63,5.53V31.48ZM13.54,30.19,29.2,43.59,44.6,30.21V21.26l-3.14-3.74-7.82,0L29.1,23l-4.54-5.46H16.68l-3.15,3.78Z\"><\/path><\/g><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-275c0c43 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"275c0c43\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Make visible where our<br>democracy is in danger.<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-769f1585 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"769f1585\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><i>CORRECTIV is donation-based. Support investigations like this, to bring right-wing networks to light. Hate and smear campaigns should not remain a secret.<\/i><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-6d6959cd elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"6d6959cd\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-3fd1a1c6\" data-id=\"3fd1a1c6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1dbfddf2 elementor-align-right elementor-mobile-align-justify elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"1dbfddf2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"\/en\/single-donation\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Donate now<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-790997af\" data-id=\"790997af\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-13dda201 elementor-align-left elementor-mobile-align-justify elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"13dda201\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"\/en\/newsletter\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Subscribe<\/span>\n\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-32a5f47f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"32a5f47f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a style=\"color: #292929; border-bottom: 1px solid #ff5064;\" href=\"\/en\/about-us\/\">Learn more about CORRECTIV<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-585b8bc1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"585b8bc1\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-5fe6ec68\" data-id=\"5fe6ec68\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b248f5e underline elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b248f5e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Published on October 19, 2020<\/p><p><strong>Research &amp; Texts:<\/strong> <a href=\"\/team\/alice-echtermann\/\">Alice Echtermann<\/a>, <a href=\"\/team\/arne-steinberg-fmcorrectiv-org\/\">Arne Steinberg<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/celsadiaztejada\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Celsa Diaz<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/de.linkedin.com\/in\/clemens-kommerell-8b99b111b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Clemens Kommerell<\/a>, <a href=\"\/team\/till-eckert\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Till Eckert<\/a><br \/><strong>Data Science:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/celsadiaztejada\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Celsa Diaz<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/de.linkedin.com\/in\/clemens-kommerell-8b99b111b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Clemens Kommerell<\/a><br \/><strong>Editorial Team:<\/strong> <a href=\"\/team\/olaya-argueso\/\">Olaya Arg\u00fceso<\/a>, <a href=\"\/team\/justus-von-daniels\/\">Justus von Daniels<\/a><br \/><strong>Design:<\/strong> <a href=\"\/team\/benjamin-schubert\">Benjamin Schubert<\/a>, <a href=\"\/team\/belen-rios-falcon\/\">Bel\u00e9n R\u00edos Falc\u00f3n<\/a><br \/><strong>Project Management:<\/strong> <a href=\"\/team\/marius-wolf\/\">Marius Wolf<\/a><br \/><strong>Collaboration:<\/strong> <a href=\"\/team\/frederik-richter\">Frederik Richter<\/a>, <a href=\"\/team\/jonathan-sachse\">Jonathan Sachse<\/a>, <a href=\"\/team\/miriam-lenz\">Miriam Lenz<\/a>, Carol Schaeffer, Melina Hemmer<br \/><strong>Communication:<\/strong> <a href=\"\/team\/katharina-spaeth\">Katharina Sp\u00e4th<\/a>, <a href=\"\/team\/luise-lange\">Luise Lange<\/a>, <a href=\"\/team\/bao-my\/\">Bao-My Nguyen<\/a>, <a href=\"\/team\/valentin-zick\/\">Valentin Zick<\/a><br \/><strong>Translation:<\/strong> Max Donheiser<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>How Right-Wing recruiters use Instagram to 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